Special Techniques

SPECIAL TECHNIQUES FOR DIAGNOSIS

IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY

Immunohistochemical (ICH) techniques are used in diagnostic pathology for the detection of infectious agents in animal tissue samples or to allow a more precise classification of neoplastic diseases. The following antibodies are available:

Antibody Antigen Diagnosis
CD3 T Lymphocytes T-cell Lymphoma
CD79a B Lymphocytes (canine) B-cell Lymphoma
CD45R B Lymphocytes (feline) B-cell Lymphoma
MHCII Dendritic cells Hystiocytic disease
PAX5 B Lymphocytes B-cell Lymphoma
CD31 Endothelial cells Haemangioma/ Haemangiosarcoma
E Cadherine Epithelial and dendritic cells Histiocytic disorders / metastasis
CD18 (canine) Integrine alfaXbeta2 / LFA1 Leukocyte disorders (PMN, NK)
CD18 (feline) Integrine alfaXbeta2 / LFA1 Leukocyte disorders (PMN, NK)
Lambda Chains B-Lymphocytes / Plasma cells B-cell Lymphoma / Myeloma
CD11d Integrine alfaD Monocytic / Macrophage disorders
Triptase Mast Cells Mast cell tumors
Kappa Chains B-Lymphocytes / Plasma cells B-cell Lymphoma / Myeloma
Myoglobin Striated muscle Rhabdomyosarcoma
TNF alfa TNF alfa Proinflammatory cytokine
IL6 Interleuquine 6 Proinflammatory cytokine
CD117 ckit Mast cell tumors
Factor VIII Endothelial cells Hemangioma / Hemangiosarcoma
MAC387 Macrophages Myelomonocytic disorders
Alpha Actin Smooth muscle Leiomyoma / Leiomyosarcoma / Myoepithelium
Cytokeratins Epithelial cells Carcinoma
Vimentin Mesenchymal cells Sarcoma
Melan A Melanocytes Melanoma
S100 S100 Periphereral Nerve Sheath Tumour / Melanoma
GFAP GFAP Glial tumour
Synaptophysin Synaptic vesicles Neuroendocrine Tumour
Desmin Smooth and striated muscle Muscular Tumour
NF Neurofilaments Neural / Endocrine Tumour
PCNA S- and G1-Phase of cellular cycle Proliferation grade
Ki67 S-, G1- and G2-Phase of cellular cycle Proliferation grade
ANTIBODIES TO INFECTIOUS AGENTS
Feline coronavirus (FcoV)
Feline calicivirus  (FCV)
Feline herpesvirus (FHV)
Feline leukaemia virus (FeLV)
Canine and feline parvovirus (FPV / CPV)
Distemper (CDV)
Borna disease virus (BDV)
Toxoplasma gondii
Neospora caninum
Anaplasma phagocytophylum
Helicobacter spp.
Leishmania infantum
Clamidia psitacii
Coxiella burnetti
Salmonella spp.

MOLECULAR TESTS

Molecular tests (PCR) are used for the detection of mutations in Mast Cell neoplasia (MCT), to evaluate the response to treatment with Tyrosin Kinase inhibitors (TKI), as well as in lymphoproliferative disorders, allowing the distinction between lymphoid reactivity and lymphoma. In the case of lymphoma molecular tests also define the phenotype of the lymphoid neoplastic cells.

PROGNOSTIC TESTS

Prognostic Tests are used to evaluate the prognosis of specific neoplastic diseases in terms of aggressiveness, Median Survival Time (MST) and Disease-Free Interval (DFI). Markers of proliferation proteins and enzymes are used.

TECHNIQUE APPLICABILITY
CANINE LYMPHOMA PCR Objective differentiation between reactive and neoplastic proliferation. Assessment of prognosis through phenotype
CANINE LYMPHOMA ICH Subjective differentiation between reactive and neoplastic proliferation. Assessment of prognosis through phenotype
FELINE LYMPHOMA PCR Objective differentiation between reactive and neoplastic proliferation. Typing T / B
FELINE LYMPHOMA ICH Subjective differentiation between reactive and neoplastic proliferation. Typing T / B
FELINE ALIMENTARY LYMPHOMA PCR Objective differentiation between lymphoplasmacytic enteritis (IBD) and alimentary lymphoma
FELINE ALIMENTARY LYMPHOMA ICH Subjective differentiation between lymphoplasmacytic enteritis (IBD) and alimentary lymphoma
MASTOCITOMA CANINO PCR Objective assessment of mutations. Information about MST and DFI. Prognosis for mortality associated to tumor, recurrences and efficacy of conventional chemotherapy as well as TKI therapy
CANINE MAST CELL TUMOR ICQ Subjective assessment of mutations. Information about MST and DFI
CANINE MAST CELL TUMOR ICH Differentiation between “low grade” and “high grade” MCTs, and information about MST as well as possibility of recurrences and metastasis
CANINE AND FELINE MAMMARY CARCINOMA ICH Information about MST
CANINE OSTEOSARCOMA  ICH Information about DFI
CANINE MELANOMA ICH Information about degree, MST and DFI

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SPECIAL DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES FOR ANIMAL DISEASES AT HISTOVET